There are some computing systems that require high availability.
Telecommunication systems are a good example. They require 24 hours a day and
365 days a year service availability and their downtime should not exceed
five minutes per year and that includes hardware and software upgrades. These
systems require carrier-grade reliability that guarantees high service
availability, 99.999% uptime or higher.
To satisfy high-availability requirements, special-purpose operating systems,
sometimes proprietary or self-developed operating system, were used in
telecom systems. As the telecommunication world is now moving towards using
the Linux operating system on mission-critical systems, new high requirements
are imposed on the operating systems. However, Linux is designed to work best
on desktop and enterprise systems, and it doesn't have the mechanisms and
capabilities nee... (more)